Cover -- Book title -- Copyright -- My Revision Planner -- Countdown to my exams -- Exam breakdown -- Unit 1 The language of chemistry, structure of matter and simple reactions -- 1 Formulae and equations -- Chemical formulae -- Balanced equations -- Oxidation number -- Determining oxidation states -- 2 Basic ideas about atoms -- Structure of the atom -- Fundamental particles -- Electrons and orbitals -- Visible light and the electromagnetic spectrum -- 3 Chemical calculations -- The mass of an atom -- Mass spectrometers -- Mass spectra -- Different types of formulae -- Avogadro's constant -- Balanced chemical equations -- Concentration of solutions -- One mole of any gas occupies 22.4 dm[sup(3)] under standard conditions -- Titrations -- Yield -- Atom economy -- 4 Bonding -- How chemical bonding occurs -- Ionic bonding -- Sodium chloride: a perfect ionic crystal -- Ionic bonds -- Covalent bonding -- Coordinate or dative covalent bonds -- Electronegativity -- Intermolecular forces of attraction between simple molecules -- VSEPR and molecular shape -- 5 Solid structures -- Properties of ionic compounds -- Allotropes of carbon -- Solid iodine makes crystals -- Ice is solid water and makes crystals -- Metallic bonding -- 6 The Periodic Table -- The Periodic Table is a list of all known elements -- The s, p, d and f blocks of the Periodic Table -- Group 1 elements -- Group 2 elements -- Reactivity trends in Groups 1 and 2 -- Group 7 elements -- Reactivity trends in Group 7 -- 7 Simple equilibria and acid-base reactions -- Reversible reactions and dynamic equilibrium -- Le Châtelier's principle -- The equilibrium constant K[sub(c)] -- Acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors -- pH is a mathematical measurement of acidity -- Titrations can find the concentration of an unknown solution.

Unit 2 Energy, rate and chemistry of carbon compounds -- 8 Thermochemistry -- Enthalpy and enthalpy change -- Enthalpy of combustion -- Enthalpy of formation -- Hess's law -- Average (mean) bond enthalpy and enthalpy change -- 9 Rates of reaction -- Rate of reaction depends on conditions -- Continuous monitoring -- Measuring the rate of a reaction by collecting the gas produced -- Colorimetry -- Initial rate method -- Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curves -- Collision theory -- Predicting and explaining observations in rate of reaction experiments -- Catalysts -- 10 The wider impact of chemistry -- The chemical industry -- Green chemistry -- Reducing the environmental impact of a product -- Making the production as efficient as possible -- Renewable resources -- Life cycle assessment -- 11 Organic compounds -- Organic compounds contain carbon atoms covalently bonded -- The IUPAC naming system -- The boiling point and intermolecular forces -- Different organic compounds with the same molecular formula -- Mechanisms in chemical reactions involving organic compounds -- Electrophiles -- Nucleophiles -- 12 Hydrocarbons -- Crude oil -- Alkanes are often used as fuels -- Alkanes can react with halogens to form halogenoalkane -- Alkenes -- Catalytic hydrogenation -- Electrophilic addition -- Polymers -- 13 Halogenoalkanes -- Commercial uses of halogenoalkanes -- Elimination reactions with halogenoalkanes -- Halogenoalkanes are susceptible to nucleophilic attack -- The effect of CFCs on the upper atmosphere -- 14 Alcohols and carboxylic acids -- Alcohols contain at least one hydroxyl group -- Alcohols can undergo oxidation reactions -- Carboxylic acids -- Ethanol as a biofuel -- Ethanol can be made by more than one industrial process -- Alcohols can undergo dehydration reactions to make alkenes -- Esters -- 15 Instrumental analysis -- Mass spectrometry.

Infrared spectrometry -- Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry -- Glossary -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Answers.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.